Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ziye zavela njengobuchwepheshe obubalulekileyo ekutshintsheni kwimithombo yamandla avuselelekayo kunye nezithuthi zombane (ii-EV). Imfuno ekhulayo yeebhetri ezisebenzayo nezifikelelekayo ikhuthaze uphuhliso olukhulu kweli candelo. Kulo nyaka, iingcali zixela kwangaphambili iimpumelelo ezininzi ezinokuguqula amandla eebhetri ze-lithium-ion.
Enye inkqubela ephawulekayo ekufuneka ijongwe kukuphuhliswa kweebhetri ze-solid-state. Ngokungafaniyo neebhetri ze-lithium-ion zemveli ezisebenzisa ii-electrolytes ezingamanzi, iibhetri ze-solid-state zisebenzisa izinto eziqinileyo okanye iiceramics njengee-electrolytes. Olu tshintsho alunyusi nje kuphela uxinano lwamandla, lunokwandisa uluhlu lwee-EV, kodwa lukwanciphisa ixesha lokutshaja kwaye luphucula ukhuseleko ngokunciphisa umngcipheko womlilo. Iinkampani ezidumileyo ezifana neQuantumscape zigxile kwiibhetri ze-solid-state lithium-metal, zijolise ekuzidibaniseni kwizithuthi kwasekuqaleni kuka-2025[1].
Nangona iibhetri ezisemgangathweni zithembisa kakhulu, abaphandi bakwahlola ezinye iikhemistri ukujongana neenkxalabo malunga nokufumaneka kwezixhobo zebhetri eziphambili ezifana ne-cobalt kunye ne-lithium. Ukufuna iindlela ezingabizi kakhulu nezizinzileyo kuyaqhubeka nokuqhuba ubuchule. Ngaphezu koko, amaziko emfundo kunye neenkampani kwihlabathi liphela zisebenza ngokuzimisela ukuphucula ukusebenza kwebhetri, ukwandisa amandla, ukukhawulezisa isantya sokutshaja, kunye nokunciphisa iindleko zokuvelisa [1].
Imizamo yokuphucula iibhetri ze-lithium-ion idlulela ngaphaya kwezithuthi zombane. Ezi bhetri zifumana usetyenziso kwindawo yokugcina umbane ekwinqanaba legridi, okuvumela ukuhlanganiswa okungcono kwemithombo yamandla avuselelekayo angenaxesha njengamandla elanga nawomoya. Ngokusebenzisa iibhetri ze-lithium-ion kwindawo yokugcina umbane, uzinzo kunye nokuthembeka kweenkqubo zamandla avuselelekayo kuphuculwe kakhulu [1].
Kwimpumelelo yakutshanje, izazinzulu zaseLawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ziye zaphuhlisa i-conductive polymer coating eyaziwa ngokuba yi-HOS-PFM. Le coating ivumela iibhetri ze-lithium-ion ezihlala ixesha elide nezinamandla ngakumbi kwizithuthi zombane. I-HOS-PFM iqhuba ii-electron kunye nee-ion ngaxeshanye, iphucula uzinzo lwebhetri, amazinga okutshaja/okukhupha, kunye nobomi bonke. Ikwasebenza njengesincamathelisi, enokwandisa ubomi obuqhelekileyo beebhetri ze-lithium-ion ukusuka kwiminyaka eli-10 ukuya kweli-15. Ngaphezu koko, i-coating ibonakalise ukusebenza okugqwesileyo xa isetyenziswa kwi-silicon kunye ne-aluminium electrodes, inciphisa ukuwohloka kwazo kwaye igcina amandla aphezulu ebhetri kwimijikelo emininzi. Ezi ziphumo zithembisa ukwandisa kakhulu uxinano lwamandla eebhetri ze-lithium-ion, izenze zifikeleleke ngakumbi kwaye zifikeleleke kwizithuthi zombane [3].
Njengoko ihlabathi lizama ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwegesi ezibangela ubushushu kunye nokutshintsha ukuya kwikamva elizinzileyo, ukuqhubela phambili kubuchwepheshe bebhetri ye-lithium-ion kudlala indima ebalulekileyo. Imizamo yophando nophuhliso eqhubekayo iqhubela phambili eli shishini, isisondeza kwizisombululo zebhetri ezisebenzayo, ezifikelelekayo, nezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo. Ngophuhliso kwiibhetri ezisemgangathweni, ezinye iindlela zekhemistri, kunye neengubo ezifana ne-HOS-PFM, amathuba okusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwezithuthi zombane kunye nokugcinwa kwamandla kwinqanaba legridi aya enokwenzeka ngakumbi.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-25-2023
