Ibhetri yeseli eyomileyo, eyaziwa ngokwesayensi njenge-zinc-manganese, yibhetri ephambili ene-manganese dioxide njenge-electrode elungileyo kunye ne-zinc njenge-electrode engalunganga, eqhuba i-redox reaction ukuvelisa umbane. Iibhetri zeseli eyomileyo zezona bhetri zixhaphakileyo kubomi bemihla ngemihla kwaye zezemveliso ezisemgangathweni zamazwe ngamazwe, ezinemigangatho efanayo yasekhaya neyamazwe ngamazwe yobukhulu kunye nokuma kweseli enye.
Iibhetri zeeseli ezomileyo zineteknoloji evuthiweyo, ukusebenza okuzinzileyo, ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka, kulula ukuzisebenzisa kunye noluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Kubomi bemihla ngemihla, iimodeli eziqhelekileyo zeebhetri ze-zinc-manganese yiNombolo 7 (ibhetri yohlobo lwe-AAA), Nombolo 5 (ibhetri yohlobo lwe-AA) njalo njalo. Nangona izazinzulu bezizama ukuphonononga ibhetri yokuqala engabizi kakhulu nengabizi kakhulu, kodwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku akukho mpawu yempumelelo, kunokulindeleka ukuba okwangoku, kwaye nakwixesha elide, akukho bhetri ingcono engabizi kakhulu yokutshintsha iibhetri ze-zinc-manganese.
Ngokwee-electrolyte ezahlukeneyo kunye nenkqubo, iibhetri ze-zinc-manganese zahlulwe ngokubanzi zibe ziibhetri zekhabhoni kunye neebhetri ze-alkaline. Phakathi kwazo, iibhetri ze-alkaline zenziwa ngokusekelwe kwiibhetri zekhabhoni, kwaye i-electrolyte ikakhulu yi-potassium hydroxide. Ibhetri ye-alkaline yamkela isakhiwo se-electrode esichaseneyo nebhetri yekhabhoni kwisakhiwo, kwaye yamkela i-alkaline electrolyte potassium hydroxide ephezulu, kwaye yamkela izixhobo ze-electrode ezisebenzayo eziphezulu kwii-electrode ezilungileyo nezingalunganga, phakathi kwazo izinto ze-electrode ezilungileyo ikakhulu yi-manganese dioxide kwaye izinto ze-electrode ezimbi ikakhulu yi-zinc powder.
Iibhetri ze-alkaline zilungiselelwe ngokwemilinganiselo ye-zinc, uxinano lwe-zinc, uxinano lwe-manganese dioxide, uxinano lwe-manganese dioxide, ukulungiswa kwe-electrolyte, i-corrosion inhibitor, ukuchaneka kwezinto eziluhlaza, inkqubo yemveliso, njl.njl., nto leyo enokunyusa amandla nge-10%-30%, ngelixa ukwandisa indawo yokusabela kwee-electrodes ezilungileyo nezingalunganga kunokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kokukhutshwa kweebhetri ze-alkaline, ingakumbi ukusebenza kokukhutshwa kombane okuphezulu.
1. Imfuno yokuthumela ngaphandle ibhetri ye-alkaline eTshayina ukuqhuba imveliso
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ngokuthandwa nokukhuthazwa okuqhubekayo kwezicelo zeebhetri ze-alkaline, imakethi yeebhetri ze-alkaline iyonke ibonisa ukuqhubekeka kokunyuka, ngokwezibalo ze-China Battery Industry Association, ukusukela ngo-2014, iqhutywa kukuphucuka okuqhubekayo kwemveliso yeebhetri ze-alkaline ze-zinc-manganese ezisilinda, imveliso yeebhetri ze-alkaline ze-zinc-manganese zaseTshayina iqhubekile nokunyuka, kwaye ngo-2018, imveliso yebhetri ye-alkaline ze-zinc-manganese yesizwe yayiyi-19.32 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi.
Ngowama-2019, imveliso yeebhetri ze-alkaline zinc-manganese eTshayina yanda yaya kwi-23.15 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi, kwaye inani elilindelekileyo xa lidibene nophuhliso lwemarike yeebhetri ze-alkaline zinc-manganese eTshayina ngo-2020 kuqikelelwa ukuba imveliso yeebhetri ze-alkaline zinc-manganese eTshayina iya kuba malunga ne-21.28 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi ngo-2020.
2. Ubungakanani bokuthunyelwa kwebhetri ye-alkaline eTshayina buyaqhubeka nokuphucuka
Ngokwezibalo ze-China Chemical and Physical Power Industry Association, umthamo wokuthunyelwa kweebhetri ze-alkaline eTshayina uqhubekile nokuphucuka ukusukela ngo-2014. Ngo-2019, umthamo wokuthunyelwa kweebhetri ze-alkaline eTshayina yi-11.057 yeebhiliyoni, unyuke nge-3.69% unyaka nonyaka. Ngo-2020, umthamo wokuthunyelwa kweebhetri ze-alkaline eTshayina yi-13.189 yeebhiliyoni, unyuke nge-19.3% unyaka nonyaka.
Ngokuphathelele isixa sokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, ngokwezibalo ze-China Chemical and Physical Power Industry Association zibonisa ukuba ukusukela ngo-2014, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kweebhetri ze-alkaline eTshayina kubonisa ukunyuka okuguquguqukayo. Ngo-2019, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kweebhetri ze-alkaline eTshayina kufikelele kwi-$991 yezigidi, ukunyuka nge-0.41% ngonyaka. Ngo-2020, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kweebhetri ze-alkaline eTshayina kufikelele kwi-$1.191 yezigidigidi, ukunyuka nge-20.18% ngonyaka.
Ngokwembono yendawo ekuthunyelwa kuyo iibhetri ze-alkaline eTshayina, ukuthunyelwa kweebhetri ze-alkaline eTshayina kuthe saa, iindawo ezilishumi eziphambili zokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe iibhetri ze-alkaline zidibene ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ziibhiliyoni eziyi-6.832, zibanga i-61.79% yezo zizonke ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe; ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe okudibeneyo kwe-$633 yezigidi, kubanga i-63.91% yazo zonke ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe. Phakathi kwazo, umthamo wokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kweebhetri ze-alkaline eMelika yayiyi-1.962 yezigidigidi, kunye nexabiso lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe elizizigidi ezingama-214 zeedola zaseMelika, libekwe kwindawo yokuqala.
3. Imfuno yasekhaya yebhetri ye-alkaline eTshayina ibuthathaka kuneempahla ezithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe
Xa kuthelekiswa nokuveliswa kunye nokungeniswa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kweebhetri ze-alkaline zinc-manganese eTshayina, kuqikelelwa ukuba ukusukela ngo-2018, ukusetyenziswa okubonakalayo kweebhetri ze-alkaline zinc-manganese eTshayina kubonakalise umkhwa wokujikajika, kwaye ngo-2019, ukusetyenziswa okubonakalayo kweebhetri ze-alkaline zinc-manganese kweli lizwe yi-12.09 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi. Umbono ongaphambili kunye nemeko yokungeniswa kunye nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kunye noqikelelo lwemveliso yeebhetri ze-alkaline zinc-manganese eTshayina ngo-2020 kuqikelelwa ukuba ngo-2020, ukusetyenziswa okubonakalayo kweebhetri ze-alkaline zinc-manganese eTshayina kumalunga ne-8.09 yeebhiliyoni zeerandi.
Idatha kunye nohlalutyo olungentla luvela kwiForesight Industrial Research Institute, ngelixa iForesight Industrial Research Institute ibonelela ngezisombululo zoshishino, ucwangciso lwemizi-mveliso, isibhengezo semizi-mveliso, ucwangciso lweepaki zemizi-mveliso, ukutsala utyalo-mali kwimizi-mveliso, uphando lokwenzeka kwe-IPO, ukubhala iprospektosi, njl.njl.
Ixesha leposi: Julayi-25-2023
