Bateri y'uturemangingo twumye, izwi mu bya siyansi nka zinc-manganese, ni bateri y'ibanze ifite electrode nziza ya manganese ya manganese na zinc nk'electrode mbi, ikora redox reaction kugira ngo ikore umuriro. Bateri z'uturemangingo twumye nizo bateri zikunze gukoreshwa mu buzima bwa buri munsi kandi zigize ibicuruzwa mpuzamahanga bigengwa n'amategeko, zifite amahame rusange yo mu gihugu no ku rwego mpuzamahanga yerekeye ingano n'imiterere y'uturemangingo kamwe.
Bateri zumutse zifite ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, imikorere ihamye, umutekano n'ubwizerwe, zoroshye gukoresha kandi zifite uburyo bwinshi bwo kuzikoresha. Mu buzima bwa buri munsi, ubwoko busanzwe bwa bateri za zinc-manganese ni No. 7 (bateri yo mu bwoko bwa AAA), No. 5 (bateri yo mu bwoko bwa AA) n'ibindi. Nubwo abahanga mu bya siyansi nabo bagiye bagerageza gushakisha bateri y'ibanze ihendutse kandi ihendutse, ariko kugeza ubu nta kimenyetso cy'uko byagenze neza, birashoboka ko muri iki gihe, ndetse no mu gihe kirekire, nta bateri ihendutse ishoboka yo gusimbuza bateri za zinc-manganese.
Dukurikije electrolyte n'imikorere itandukanye, bateri za zinc-manganese zigabanyijemo bateri za karuboni na bateri za alkaline. Muri zo, bateri za alkaline zikorwa hashingiwe kuri bateri za karuboni, naho electrolyte ikaba ahanini ari potassium hydroxide. Bateri ya alkaline ifata imiterere itandukanye ya electrode na bateri ya karuboni mu miterere yayo, kandi igafata electrolyte ya alkaline potassium hydroxide ifite amashanyarazi menshi, kandi igakoresha ibikoresho bya electrode bifite imikorere myiza kuri electrode nziza na mbi, muri byo ibikoresho bya electrode nziza ahanini ni manganese dioxide naho ibikoresho bya electrode mbi ahanini ni ifu ya zinc.
Bateri za alkali zitunganywa neza bitewe n’ingano ya zinki, ubucucike bwa zinki, ingano ya dioxyde ya manganese, ubucucike bwa dioxyde ya manganese, electrolyte optimization, corrosion inhibitor, organic material precision, production, etc., ibyo bishobora kongera ubushobozi bwa 10%-30%, mu gihe kongera agace k’ikoreshwa rya electrode nziza na mbi bishobora kunoza cyane imikorere ya bateri za alkali, cyane cyane imikorere y’amashanyarazi menshi.
1. Ubusabe bw'Ubushinwa bwo kohereza hanze bateri za alkaline bugamije guteza imbere umusaruro
Mu myaka ya vuba aha, bitewe no gukwirakwizwa no guteza imbere ikoreshwa rya bateri za alkaline, isoko rya bateri za alkaline muri rusange rigaragaza ko rikomeje kuzamuka, nk'uko imibare y'ishyirahamwe ry'inganda z'amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa ibigaragaza, kuva mu 2014, bitewe no gukomeza kunoza ikorwa rya bateri za alkaline zinc-manganese, umusaruro wa bateri za alkaline zinc-manganese mu Bushinwa wakomeje kwiyongera, kandi mu 2018, umusaruro wa bateri za alkaline zinc-manganese ku rwego rw'igihugu wari miliyari 19.32.
Mu 2019, umusaruro wa bateri za zinc-manganese mu Bushinwa wiyongereye ugera kuri miliyari 23.15, kandi umusaruro uteganijwe hamwe n'iterambere ry'isoko rya bateri za zinc-manganese mu Bushinwa mu 2020 ugereranyije n'uko umusaruro wa bateri za zinc-manganese mu Bushinwa uzaba miliyari 21.28 mu 2020.
2. Igipimo cy'ubucukuzi bw'amabuye y'agaciro mu Bushinwa gikomeje gutera imbere
Dukurikije imibare y’ishyirahamwe ry’inganda z’ibinyabutabire n’ingufu zikoreshwa mu Bushinwa, ingano y’ibinyabutabire byoherezwa mu mahanga bya alkaline mu Bushinwa yakomeje gutera imbere kuva mu 2014. 2019, ingano y’ibinyabutabire byoherezwa mu mahanga bya alkaline mu Bushinwa ni miliyari 11.057, byiyongereyeho 3.69% ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize. 2020, ingano y’ibinyabutabire byoherezwa mu mahanga bya alkaline mu Bushinwa ni miliyari 13.189, byiyongereyeho 19.3% ugereranyije n’umwaka ushize.
Ku bijyanye n'ingano y'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, nk'uko imibare y'ishyirahamwe ry'inganda z'ibinyabutabire n'amashanyarazi mu Bushinwa igaragaza ko kuva mu 2014, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bya batiri za alkaline mu Bushinwa bigaragaza ko bizamuka muri rusange. Mu 2019, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bya batiri za alkaline mu Bushinwa byageze kuri miliyoni 991 z'amadolari y'Amerika, byiyongereyeho 0.41% ugereranyije n'umwaka ushize. Mu 2020, ibyoherezwa mu mahanga bya batiri za alkaline mu Bushinwa byageze kuri miliyari 1.191 z'amadolari y'Amerika, byiyongereyeho 20.18% ugereranyije n'umwaka ushize.
Urebye aho bateri za alkali zoherezwa mu Bushinwa, bateri za alkali zoherezwa mu Bushinwa ziratandukanye cyane, ahantu icumi ho kohereza bateri za alkali zoherejwe mu mahanga hose hamwe ni miliyari 6.832, zigize 61.79% by'ibyoherejwe mu mahanga byose; kohereza mu mahanga hamwe ni miliyoni 633 z'amadolari, bingana na 63.91% by'ibyoherejwe mu mahanga byose. Muri byo, ingano ya bateri za alkali zoherejwe muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika yari miliyari 1.962, zifite agaciro ka miliyoni 214 z'amadolari y'Amerika, zikaba ari zo za mbere.
3. Ubukene bw'imbere mu gihugu mu Bushinwa ni buke ugereranyije n'ubwoherezwa mu mahanga
Ugereranije n'umusaruro, gutumiza no kohereza hanze bateri za alkaline zinc-manganese mu Bushinwa, bivugwa ko kuva mu 2018, ikoreshwa rya bateri za alkaline zinc-manganese mu Bushinwa ryagaragaje icyerekezo gihindagurika, kandi mu 2019, ikoreshwa rya bateri za alkaline zinc-manganese mu gihugu rigera kuri miliyari 12.09. Irebero ry'ibanze hamwe n'uko ibicuruzwa byinjizwa n'ibyoherezwa mu mahanga ndetse n'umusaruro wa bateri za alkaline zinc-manganese mu Bushinwa mu 2020 byagaragaje ko mu 2020, ikoreshwa rya bateri za alkaline zinc-manganese mu Bushinwa rigera kuri miliyari 8.09.
Amakuru n'isesengura byavuzwe haruguru bituruka mu kigo cy'ubushakashatsi ku nganda cya Foresight, mu gihe ikigo cy'ubushakashatsi ku nganda cya Foresight gitanga ibisubizo ku nganda, igenamigambi ry'inganda, imenyekanisha ry'inganda, igenamigambi ry'ahantu hakorerwa inganda, gukurura ishoramari mu nganda, inyigo y'uko amafaranga yakoreshejwe ashoboka, kwandika inyandiko z'ubushakashatsi, n'ibindi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 25 Nyakanga-2023
