Ukuqhathaniswa Kokusebenza Phakathi Kwamabhethri E-Carbon-Zinc Namabhethri E-Alkaline

Enkathini yanamuhla eqhutshwa amandla, amabhethri, njengezingxenye eziyinhloko zemithombo yamandla ephathekayo, asetshenziswa kabanzi kumadivayisi ahlukahlukene kagesi. Amabhethri e-carbon-zinc namabhethri e-alkaline, njengezinhlobo ezivame kakhulu zamabhethri omile, ngalinye linezici zobuchwepheshe ezihlukile kanye nokusebenza. Lesi sihloko sizokwenza ukuqhathanisa okujulile kokusebenza kwezinhlobo ezimbili zamabhethri, futhi sinikeze ukuhlaziywa okuningiliziwe kanye nokuhumusha kwesiNgisi kwamapharamitha obuchwepheshe abalulekile, okuvumela abafundi ukuthi baqonde ngokugcwele umehluko wabo kanye nezimo zokusetshenziswa.

I. Izimiso Eziyisisekelo Zamabhethri

(1) Amabhethri e-Carbon-Zinc

Amabhethri e-carbon-zinc asebenzisa i-manganese dioxide njenge-electrode enhle, i-zinc njenge-electrode engemihle, kanye nesisombululo samanzi se-ammonium chloride noma i-zinc chloride njenge-electrolyte. Umgomo wawo wokusebenza usekelwe ekuphenduleni kwe-redox. Ngesikhathi sokukhishwa, i-zinc ku-electrode engemihle idlula ekusabela kwe-oxidation futhi ilahlekelwe ama-electron. Lawa ma-electron ageleza ngesekethe yangaphandle aye ku-electrode enhle, lapho i-manganese dioxide idlula ekusabela kokunciphisa. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukufuduka kwama-ion kusisombululo se-electrolyte kugcina ibhalansi yokushaja.

(2) Amabhethri e-Alkaline

Amabhethri e-alkaline asebenzisa i-zinc njenge-electrode engemihle kanye ne-manganese dioxide njenge-electrode enhle, kodwa asebenzisa isisombululo samanzi se-potassium hydroxide njenge-electrolyte ye-alkaline. Indawo ye-alkaline ishintsha izinga lokusabela kanye nendlela yokusabela kwamakhemikhali kwangaphakathi kwebhethri. Uma kuqhathaniswa namabhethri e-carbon-zinc, ukusabela kwe-redox kumabhethri e-alkaline kusebenza kahle kakhulu, okwenza akwazi ukunikeza ukukhishwa kwamandla okuzinzile nokuhlala isikhathi eside.

II. Ukuqhathaniswa Kokusebenza

(1) I-Voltage

I-voltage evamile yamabhethri e-carbon-zinc ivame ukuba yi-1.5V. Uma ibhethri elisha lisetshenziswa okokuqala, i-voltage yangempela ingaba phezulu kancane, cishe i-1.6V - 1.7V. Njengoba ukusabela kwamakhemikhali kuqhubeka ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa, i-voltage iyancipha kancane kancane. Lapho i-voltage yehla ifinyelela cishe ku-0.9V, ibhethri lisuke seliphelile futhi alisakwazi ukunikeza amandla asebenzayo kumadivayisi amaningi.

I-voltage ejwayelekile yamabhethri e-alkaline nayo ingu-1.5V, kanti i-voltage yokuqala yebhethri elisha nayo icishe ibe ngu-1.6V - 1.7V. Kodwa-ke, inzuzo yamabhethri e-alkaline iseqinisweni lokuthi phakathi nenqubo yonke yokukhipha, i-voltage yawo yehla kancane kancane. Ngisho nangemva kokuba amandla angaphezu kuka-80% esesetshenzisiwe, i-voltage ingaqhubeka ingaphezu kuka-1.2V, okuhlinzeka ngokunikezwa kwamandla okuzinzile kwamadivayisi.

(2) Umthamo

Umthamo webhethri uvame ukulinganiswa ngama-milliampere-hours (mAh), okumelela inani lokushaja kagesi ibhethri elingakukhipha. Umthamo wamabhethri e-carbon-zinc uphansi kakhulu. Umthamo wamabhethri e-carbon-zinc avamile anosayizi we-AA ngokuvamile uphakathi kuka-500mAh no-800mAh. Lokhu kungenxa yezici zezinto zawo ze-electrolyte kanye ne-electrode, ezikhawulela inani eliphelele lezinto ezihilelekile ekusabeleni kwamakhemikhali kanye nokusebenza kahle kokusabela.

Umthamo wamabhethri e-alkaline uphakeme kakhulu kunowamabhethri e-carbon-zinc. Umthamo wamabhethri e-alkaline anobukhulu be-AA ungafinyelela ku-2000mAh - 3000mAh. I-alkaline electrolyte ayithuthukisi nje kuphela umsebenzi wezinto ze-electrode kodwa futhi ithuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuhanjiswa kwe-ionic, ivumela amabhethri e-alkaline ukuthi agcine futhi akhiphe amandla kagesi engeziwe, okwenza afaneleke kumadivayisi asebenzisa amandla amaningi.

(3) Ukumelana Kwangaphakathi

Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kuyipharamitha ebalulekile yokulinganisa ukulahleka kwebhethri ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhipha. Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwamabhethri e-carbon-zinc kuphakeme kakhulu, cishe ku-0.1Ω - 0.3Ω. Ukumelana kwangaphakathi okuphezulu kuzoholela ekwehleni okukhulu kwe-voltage ngaphakathi kwebhethri ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwamandla aphezulu, okubangela ukulahlekelwa amandla. Ngakho-ke, amabhethri e-carbon-zinc awafaneleki kumadivayisi adinga ukunikezwa kwamandla aphezulu.

Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kwamabhethri e-alkaline kuphansi kakhulu, cishe ku-0.05Ω – 0.1Ω. Isici sokumelana kwangaphakathi esiphansi senza amabhethri e-alkaline akwazi ukugcina i-voltage ephezulu yokukhipha ngesikhathi sokukhishwa kwamandla aphezulu, okunciphisa ukulahleka kwamandla. Afaneleka kakhulu ukushayela amadivayisi anamandla aphezulu njengamakhamera edijithali namathoyizi kagesi.

(4) Impilo Yesevisi

Isikhathi sokusebenza samabhethri e-carbon-zinc sifushane kakhulu. Ngemva kokugcinwa ekamelweni lokushisa cishe iminyaka eyi-1 - 2, kuzoba nokwehla okukhulu kwamandla. Ngisho noma engasetshenziswa, ukuzikhipha kwenzeka. Ezindaweni ezinokushisa okuphezulu kanye nomswakama ophezulu, amabhethri e-carbon-zinc nawo angase abe nezinkinga zokuvuza, onakalise amadivayisi.

Amabhethri e-alkaline ahlala isikhathi eside eshalofini futhi angagcinwa ekamelweni lokushisa iminyaka emi-5 kuya kweyi-10 ngesilinganiso esiphansi sokukhipha amandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukwakheka kwesakhiwo kanye nezici ze-electrolyte zamabhethri e-alkaline kuwenza amelane kakhulu nokuvuza, okunikeza ukwesekwa kwamandla okude nokuzinzile kwamadivayisi.

(5) Izindleko kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo

Izindleko zokukhiqiza amabhethri e-carbon-zinc ziphansi kakhulu, futhi intengo yawo yemakethe nayo ishibhile kakhulu. Afaneleka kumadivayisi alula anezidingo zamandla aphansi kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezibucayi, njengezilawuli ezikude namawashi. Kodwa-ke, amabhethri e-carbon-zinc aqukethe izinsimbi ezisindayo njenge-mercury. Uma engalahlwa kahle ngemva kokulahlwa, azobangela ukungcola emvelweni.

Izindleko zokukhiqiza amabhethri e-alkaline ziphakeme kakhulu, futhi intengo yawo yokuthengisa nayo ibiza kakhulu. Kodwa-ke, amabhethri e-alkaline awanawo i-mercury futhi anobungani nemvelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ngenxa yomthamo wawo ophezulu kanye nokuphila isikhathi eside kwenkonzo, izindleko ngeyunithi ngayinye yamandla kagesi zingase zibe ngaphansi kunezamabhethri e-carbon-zinc ekusetshenzisweni kwesikhathi eside, okwenza afaneleke kakhulu kumadivayisi asebenzisa amandla amaningi.

III. Ithebula Lokuqhathanisa Lamapharamitha Obuchwepheshe

IV. Isiphetho

Amabhethri e-carbon-zinc kanye namabhethri e-alkaline ngalinye linezinzuzo nezinkinga zalo maqondana nokusebenza. Amabhethri e-carbon-zinc aphansi ngezindleko kodwa anomthamo omncane, impilo yesevisi emfushane, kanye nokumelana okuphezulu kwangaphakathi. Nakuba amabhethri e-alkaline ebiza kakhulu, anezinzuzo zomthamo ophezulu, impilo yesevisi ende, ukumelana okuphansi kwangaphakathi, kanye nobungane obukhulu bemvelo. Ezisetshenzisweni ezisebenzayo, abasebenzisi kufanele bakhethe ngokufanele uhlobo lwebhethri olufanele ngokwezidingo zamandla zamadivayisi, imvamisa yokusetshenziswa, kanye nezici zezindleko kanye nokuvikelwa kwemvelo ukuze kufezwe umphumela wokusetshenziswa omuhle kakhulu kanye nezinzuzo zezomnotho.