Ukuthelekiswa kokuSebenza phakathi kweebhetri zeCarbon-Zinc kunye neebhetri zeAlkaline

Kwixesha lanamhlanje eliqhutywa ngamandla, iibhetri, njengezona nxalenye ziphambili zemithombo yamandla ephathwayo, zisetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizixhobo zombane ezahlukeneyo. Iibhetri zeCarbon-zinc kunye neebhetri ze-alkaline, njengezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zeebhetri ezomileyo, nganye ineempawu ezizodwa zobugcisa kunye nokusebenza. Eli nqaku liza kuqhuba uthelekiso olunzulu lokusebenza kweentlobo ezimbini zeebhetri, kwaye unikeze uhlalutyo olucacileyo kunye nokuguqulelwa kwesiNgesi kwiiparitha eziphambili zezobugcisa, okwenza abafundi baqonde ngokupheleleyo ukungafani kwabo kunye neemeko zesicelo.

I. Imigaqo-siseko yeebhetri

(1) Iibhetri zeCarbon-Zinc

Iibhetri zeCarbon-zinc zisebenzisa i-manganese dioxide njenge-electrode efanelekileyo, i-zinc njenge-electrode engafanelekanga, kunye nesisombululo esimanzi se-ammonium chloride okanye i-zinc chloride njenge-electrolyte. Umgaqo wabo wokusebenza usekelwe kwiimpendulo ze-redox. Ngexesha lokukhutshwa, i-zinc kwi-electrode engalunganga ifumana i-oxidation reaction kwaye ilahlekelwe yi-electron. Ezi electron zihamba kwisekethe yangaphandle ukuya kwi-electrode efanelekileyo, apho i-manganese dioxide ifumana ukusabela kokunciphisa. Ngexesha elifanayo, ukufuduka kwe-ion kwisisombululo se-electrolyte kugcina ibhalansi yentlawulo.

(2) Iibhetri zealkaline

Iibhetri zealkaline nazo zisebenzisa i-zinc njenge-electrode engalunganga kunye ne-manganese dioxide njenge-electrode efanelekileyo, kodwa zisebenzisa isisombululo esimanzi se-potassium hydroxide njenge-alkaline electrolyte. Indawo yealkaline itshintsha ireyithi yokusabela kunye nendlela yeekhemikhali zangaphakathi zebhetri. Xa kuthelekiswa neebhetri ze-carbon-zinc, iimpendulo ze-redox kwiibhetri ze-alkaline zisebenza kakuhle, zivumela ukuba zinikeze amandla azinzileyo kwaye ahlala ixesha elide.

II. Uthelekiso lweNtsebenzo

(1) Umbane

I-voltage yegama leebhetri ze-carbon-zinc ngokuqhelekileyo i-1.5V. Xa ibhetri entsha iqala ukusetyenziswa, owona mbane unokuba phezulu kancinci, malunga ne-1.6V - 1.7V. Njengoko i-chemical reaction iqhubeka ngexesha lokusetyenziswa, i-voltage iyancipha ngokuthe ngcembe. Xa i-voltage yehla ukuya malunga ne-0.9V, ibhetri iphelile kwaye ayikwazi ukunika amandla asebenzayo kwizixhobo ezininzi.

I-voltage yegama leebhetri ze-alkaline nayo yi-1.5V, kwaye i-voltage yokuqala yebhetri entsha nayo ijikeleze i-1.6V - 1.7V. Nangona kunjalo, inzuzo yeebhetri ze-alkaline ixhomekeke kwinto yokuba ngexesha lokukhupha yonke inkqubo, umbane wabo wehla ngokuthe ngcembe. Kwanasemva kokuba umbane ongaphezulu kwe-80% usetyenzisiwe, i-voltage isenokuhlala ingaphezulu kwe-1.2V, ibonelela ngobonelelo lwamandla oluzinzile ngakumbi kwizixhobo.

(2) Isakhono

Umthamo webhetri udla ngokulinganiswa ngeeyure zemiliampere (mAh), emele isixa sentlawulo yombane enokukhutshwa yibhetri. Umthamo weebhetri ze-carbon-zinc uphantsi. Umthamo weebhetri ze-carbon-zinc eziqhelekileyo eziqhelekileyo ze-AA ziphakathi kwe-500mAh - 800mAh. Oku kungenxa yeempawu zezinto zabo ze-electrolyte kunye ne-electrode, ezinciphisa inani elipheleleyo lezinto ezibandakanyekayo kwi-chemical reaction kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.

Umthamo weebhetri ze-alkaline uphezulu kakhulu kuneebhetri ze-carbon-zinc. Umthamo weebhetri zealkaline ezinobungakanani be-AA zinokufikelela kwi-2000mAh - 3000mAh. I-alkaline electrolyte ayiphuculi kuphela umsebenzi wezinto ze-electrode kodwa iphinda ikhulise ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-ionic conduction, ivumela iibhetri ze-alkaline ukuba zigcine kwaye zikhulule amandla ombane amaninzi, okwenza ukuba zilungele izixhobo eziphezulu zokusebenzisa amandla.

(3) Ukuchasa Ngaphakathi

Ukuchasana kwangaphakathi yiparameter ebalulekileyo yokulinganisa ukulahlekelwa kwebhetri ngexesha lokukhutshwa. Ukumelana kwangaphakathi kweebhetri ze-carbon-zinc ziphezulu, malunga ne-0.1Ω - 0.3Ω. Ukuchasana okuphezulu kwangaphakathi kuya kubangela ukuhla kwamandla amakhulu ngaphakathi kwebhetri ngexesha lokukhutshwa okuphezulu, okubangela ukulahlekelwa kwamandla. Ngoko ke, iibhetri ze-carbon-zinc azifanelekanga izixhobo ezifuna ukunikezelwa kwamandla aphezulu.

Ukuchasana kwangaphakathi kweebhetri ze-alkaline kuncinci, malunga ne-0.05Ω - 0.1Ω. Uphawu oluphantsi lokuchasana lwangaphakathi lwenza ukuba iibhetri ze-alkaline zigcine amandla ombane aphezulu ngexesha lokukhutshwa okuphezulu, ukunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamandla. Zifaneleke ngakumbi ukuqhuba izixhobo eziphezulu zamandla ezifana neekhamera zedijithali kunye namathoyizi ombane.

(4) Ubomi Benkonzo

Ubomi benkonzo yeebhetri ze-carbon-zinc bufutshane. Emva kokugcinwa kwiqondo lokushisa malunga ne-1 - 2 iminyaka, kuya kubakho ukwehla okukhulu kwamandla. Nokuba ingasetyenziswa, ukuzikhupha ngokwakho kwenzeka. Kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu kunye nobushushu obuphezulu, iibhetri ze-carbon-zinc nazo zinokufumana iingxaki zokuvuza, ukubola izixhobo.

Iibhetri zealkaline zinobomi obude beshelufu kwaye zinokugcinwa kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi iminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-10 kunye nezinga eliphantsi lokuzikhupha. Ukongezelela, ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo kunye neempawu ze-electrolyte zeebhetri ze-alkaline zenza ukuba zixhathise ukuvuza, zibonelela ngenkxaso yamandla emide kunye nezinzile kwizixhobo.

(5) Iindleko kunye nokuKhuselwa kokusiNgqongileyo

Iindleko zokwenziwa kweebhetri ze-carbon-zinc ziphantsi, kwaye ixabiso labo lemarike likwancinci. Zifanelekile izixhobo ezilula ezineemfuno zamandla aphantsi kunye nezicelo ezingabizi kakhulu, ezifana nolawulo olukude kunye neewotshi. Nangona kunjalo, iibhetri ze-carbon-zinc zinezinyithi ezinzima ezifana ne-mercury. Ukuba azilahlwanga ngokufanelekileyo emva kokulahlwa, ziya kubangela ukungcoliseka kwendalo.

Ixabiso lemveliso yeebhetri zealkaline liphezulu noko, kwaye ixabiso lazo lokuthengisa nalo liyabiza kakhulu. Nangona kunjalo, iibhetri zealkaline azinamekyuri kwaye zinobuhlobo ngakumbi nokusingqongileyo. Ngaphezu koko, ngenxa yomthamo wabo ophezulu kunye nobomi benkonzo ende, ixabiso leyunithi nganye yamandla ombane linokuba liphantsi kuneebhetri ze-carbon-zinc kwixesha elide lokusetyenziswa, okwenza ukuba zilungele ngakumbi izixhobo eziphezulu zokusebenzisa amandla.

III. Itheyibhile yokuthelekisa iiParameters zobuGcisa

IV. Ukuqukumbela

Iibhetri zeCarbon-zinc kunye neebhetri ze-alkaline nganye ineenzuzo zabo kunye nokungonakali ngokwemigaqo yokusebenza. Iibhetri zeCarbon-zinc ziphantsi kweendleko kodwa zinomthamo omncinci, ubomi obufutshane benkonzo, kunye nokuchasana okuphezulu kwangaphakathi. Nangona iibhetri zealkaline zibiza kakhulu, zineenzuzo zomthamo ophezulu, ubomi benkonzo ende, ukuchasana okuphantsi kwangaphakathi, kunye nobuhlobo obukhulu bendalo. Kusetyenziso olusebenzayo, abasebenzisi kufuneka bakhethe ngokufanelekileyo uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwebhetri ngokweemfuno zamandla zesixhobo, amaxesha amaninzi okusetyenziswa, kunye neendleko kunye nemiba yokhuseleko lwemo engqongileyo ukuphumeza eyona mpembelelo ilungileyo yokusetyenziswa kunye neenzuzo zoqoqosho.