Kufananiza Magwiridwe Pakati pa Mabatire a Carbon-Zinc ndi Mabatire a Alkaline

M'nthawi yamakono yoyendetsedwa ndi mphamvu, mabatire, monga zigawo zikuluzikulu za magetsi onyamula, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi. Mabatire a carbon-zinc ndi mabatire amchere, monga mitundu yodziwika bwino ya mabatire owuma, iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera aukadaulo ndi magwiridwe antchito. Nkhaniyi idzachita kuyerekeza mozama kwa machitidwe a mitundu iwiri ya mabatire, ndikupereka kusanthula mwatsatanetsatane ndi kumasulira kwa Chingerezi kwa magawo ofunikira aukadaulo, kuthandizira owerenga kumvetsetsa bwino kusiyana kwawo ndi zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito.

I. Mfundo Zoyambira za Mabatire

(1) Mabatire a Carbon-Zinc

Mabatire a carbon-zinki amagwiritsa ntchito manganese dioxide ngati electrode yabwino, zinki ngati electrode yoipa, ndi njira yamadzi ya ammonium chloride kapena zinc chloride monga electrolyte. Mfundo yawo yogwira ntchito imachokera ku machitidwe a redox. Pakutulutsa, zinki pa electrode yoyipa imakumana ndi okosijeni ndipo imataya ma elekitironi. Ma electron awa amayenda kudutsa kunja kupita ku electrode yabwino, kumene manganese dioxide amakumana ndi kuchepetsa. Nthawi yomweyo, kusamuka kwa ayoni mu njira ya electrolyte kumasunga bwino.

(2) Mabatire amchere

Mabatire amchere amagwiritsanso ntchito nthaka ngati electrode negative ndi manganese dioxide monga electrode zabwino, koma amagwiritsa amadzimadzi njira ya potassium hydroxide monga alkaline electrolyte. Malo amchere amasintha momwe zimachitikira komanso momwe zimachitikira mkati mwa batri. Poyerekeza ndi mabatire a carbon-zinc, machitidwe a redox m'mabatire amchere amakhala abwino kwambiri, kuwapangitsa kuti azipereka mphamvu zokhazikika komanso zokhalitsa.

II. Kufananiza Magwiridwe

(1) Mphamvu yamagetsi

Mphamvu yamagetsi yamabatire a carbon-zinc nthawi zambiri imakhala 1.5V. Batire yatsopano ikagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba, magetsi enieni amatha kukhala okwera pang'ono, kuzungulira 1.6V - 1.7V. Pamene mankhwala amapita pakagwiritsidwe ntchito, mphamvu yamagetsi imachepa pang'onopang'ono. Mphamvu yamagetsi ikatsikira pafupifupi 0.9V, batire imatheratu ndipo silingathenso kupereka mphamvu zogwira ntchito pazida zambiri.

Mphamvu yamagetsi yamagetsi a alkaline imakhalanso 1.5V, ndipo mphamvu yoyamba ya batire yatsopano imakhalanso mozungulira 1.6V - 1.7V. Komabe, ubwino wa mabatire a alkaline ndi chakuti panthawi yonse yotulutsidwa, magetsi awo amatsika pang'onopang'ono. Ngakhale mphamvu yopitilira 80% itagwiritsidwa ntchito, magetsi amatha kukhalabe pamwamba pa 1.2V, kupereka mphamvu zokhazikika pazida.

(2) Kukhoza

Mphamvu ya batri nthawi zambiri imayesedwa mu ma milliampere-maola (mAh), kuyimira kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe batire ingatulutse. Kuchuluka kwa mabatire a carbon-zinc ndi ochepa. Kuchuluka kwa mabatire wamba wa AA-kakulidwe ka carbon-zinc nthawi zambiri kumakhala pakati pa 500mAh - 800mAh. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a ma electrolyte ndi ma elekitirodi, omwe amachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi momwe mankhwala amagwirira ntchito komanso momwe amachitira.

Kuchuluka kwa mabatire a alkaline ndikokwera kwambiri kuposa mabatire a carbon-zinc. Kuchuluka kwa mabatire amchere amtundu wa AA kumatha kufika 2000mAh - 3000mAh. Ma electrolyte a alkaline amangowonjezera magwiridwe antchito a ma elekitirodi komanso amawongolera magwiridwe antchito a ayoni, kupangitsa mabatire a alkaline kusunga ndikutulutsa mphamvu zambiri zamagetsi, kuwapanga kukhala oyenera zida zowononga mphamvu zambiri.

(3) Kukaniza Mkati

Kukaniza kwamkati ndi gawo lofunikira poyezera kudzitaya kwa batri panthawi yotulutsa. Kukana kwamkati kwa mabatire a carbon-zinc ndi okwera kwambiri, pafupifupi 0.1Ω - 0.3Ω. Kukaniza kwakukulu kwamkati kudzatsogolera kutsika kwakukulu kwa voliyumu mkati mwa batri panthawi yothamanga kwambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu ziwonongeke. Choncho, mabatire a carbon-zinc sali oyenerera pazida zomwe zimafuna magetsi apamwamba kwambiri.

Kukana kwamkati kwa mabatire amchere kumakhala kochepa, pafupifupi 0.05Ω - 0.1Ω. Chikhalidwe chochepa chamkati chamkati chimapangitsa kuti mabatire amchere akhalebe ndi mphamvu zambiri panthawi yotulutsa mphamvu, kuchepetsa kutaya mphamvu. Ndizoyenera kuyendetsa zida zamphamvu kwambiri monga makamera a digito ndi zoseweretsa zamagetsi.

(4) Moyo Wautumiki

Moyo wautumiki wamabatire a carbon-zinc ndi waufupi. Pambuyo pa kusungidwa kutentha kwa firiji kwa zaka pafupifupi 1 - 2, padzakhala kuchepa kwakukulu kwa mphamvu. Ngakhale osagwiritsidwa ntchito, kudziletsa kumachitika. M'malo otentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi chambiri, mabatire a carbon-zinc amathanso kukumana ndi zovuta zotulutsa, kuwononga zida.

Mabatire a alkaline amakhala ndi nthawi yayitali ndipo amatha kusungidwa kutentha kwa chipinda kwa zaka 5 - 10 ndi kutsika kwamadzimadzi. Kuphatikiza apo, mapangidwe apangidwe ndi mawonekedwe a electrolyte a mabatire amchere amawapangitsa kukhala osagwirizana ndi kutayikira, kupereka mphamvu yayitali komanso yokhazikika pazida.

(5) Mtengo ndi Chitetezo Chachilengedwe

Mtengo wopangira mabatire a carbon-zinc ndi wotsika kwambiri, ndipo mtengo wawo wamsika ndi wotsika mtengo. Ndizoyenera kuzipangizo zosavuta zomwe zimakhala ndi mphamvu zochepa komanso zotsika mtengo, monga zowongolera zakutali ndi mawotchi. Komabe, mabatire a carbon-zinc ali ndi zitsulo zolemera monga mercury. Ngati sizitayidwa moyenera zitatayidwa, zitha kuwononga chilengedwe.

Mtengo wopangira mabatire a alkaline ndi wokwera kwambiri, ndipo mtengo wawo wogulitsa nawonso ndi wokwera mtengo. Komabe, mabatire a alkaline alibe mercury komanso okonda zachilengedwe. Komanso, chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zapamwamba komanso moyo wautali wautumiki, mtengo wamagetsi amagetsi amatha kukhala otsika kusiyana ndi mabatire a carbon-zinc omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi yayitali, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera kwambiri pazida zogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri.

III. Kuyerekeza Table ya Technical Parameters

IV. Mapeto

Mabatire a carbon-zinc ndi mabatire a alkaline aliyense ali ndi ubwino wake ndi zovuta zake malinga ndi ntchito. Mabatire a carbon-zinc ndi otsika mtengo koma ali ndi mphamvu yaying'ono, moyo waufupi wautumiki, komanso kukana kwambiri mkati. Ngakhale kuti mabatire a alkaline ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri, ali ndi ubwino wokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, moyo wautali wautumiki, kutsika kochepa kwa mkati, komanso kusungirako zachilengedwe. M'magwiritsidwe ntchito, ogwiritsa ntchito akuyenera kusankha mtundu woyenera wa batri molingana ndi mphamvu ya zida, kuchuluka kwa kagwiritsidwe ntchito, komanso mtengo ndi chitetezo cha chilengedwe kuti akwaniritse kugwiritsa ntchito bwino komanso phindu pazachuma.