Kuyerekeza Magwiridwe Antchito Pakati pa Mabatire a Carbon-Zinc ndi Mabatire a Alkaline

Masiku ano, mabatire, monga zigawo zazikulu za magwero amphamvu onyamulika, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pazida zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi. Mabatire a kaboni-zinc ndi mabatire a alkaline, monga mitundu yodziwika bwino ya mabatire ouma, iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera aukadaulo ndi magwiridwe antchito. Nkhaniyi ichita kufananiza mozama magwiridwe antchito a mitundu iwiri ya mabatire, ndikupereka kusanthula kwatsatanetsatane ndi kumasulira kwa Chingerezi kwa magawo ofunikira aukadaulo, zomwe zimathandiza owerenga kumvetsetsa bwino kusiyana kwawo ndi zochitika zogwiritsidwa ntchito.

I. Mfundo Zoyambira za Mabatire

(1) Mabatire a Carbon-Zinc

Mabatire a kaboni-zinc amagwiritsa ntchito manganese dioxide ngati electrode yabwino, zinc ngati electrode yoyipa, ndi yankho lamadzi la ammonium chloride kapena zinc chloride ngati electrolyte. Mfundo yawo yogwirira ntchito imachokera pa redox reactions. Pakutuluka, zinc pa electrode yoyipa imadutsa mu oxidation reaction ndikutaya ma elekitironi. Ma elekitironi awa amadutsa mu dera lakunja kupita ku electrode yabwino, komwe manganese dioxide imadutsa mu reduction reaction. Nthawi yomweyo, kusamuka kwa ma ayoni mu electrolyte solution kumasunga bwino mphamvu.

(2) Mabatire a Alkaline

Mabatire a alkaline amagwiritsanso ntchito zinc ngati electrode yoyipa ndi manganese dioxide ngati electrode yabwino, koma amagwiritsa ntchito yankho lamadzi la potaziyamu hydroxide ngati electrolyte ya alkaline. Malo okhala ndi alkaline amasintha liwiro la reaction ndi njira ya internal chemical reactions ya batri. Poyerekeza ndi mabatire a carbon-zinc, redox reactions m'mabatire a alkaline ndi othandiza kwambiri, zomwe zimawathandiza kupereka mphamvu yokhazikika komanso yokhalitsa.

II. Kuyerekeza Magwiridwe Antchito

(1) Volti

Mphamvu yamagetsi ya mabatire a carbon-zinc nthawi zambiri imakhala 1.5V. Batire yatsopano ikagwiritsidwa ntchito koyamba, mphamvu yeniyeni imatha kukhala yokwera pang'ono, pafupifupi 1.6V - 1.7V. Pamene mphamvu ya mankhwala ikupitirira kugwiritsidwa ntchito, mphamvu yamagetsi imachepa pang'onopang'ono. Mphamvu yamagetsi ikatsika kufika pa 0.9V, batire imakhala yatha ndipo singathenso kupereka mphamvu yogwira ntchito pazida zambiri.

Mphamvu yamagetsi ya mabatire a alkaline ndi 1.5V, ndipo mphamvu yoyambirira ya batire yatsopano ndi pafupifupi 1.6V - 1.7V. Komabe, ubwino wa mabatire a alkaline uli m'chakuti panthawi yonse yotulutsa mphamvu, mphamvu yawo imatsika pang'onopang'ono. Ngakhale mphamvu zoposa 80% zitagwiritsidwa ntchito, mphamvuyo imatha kukhalabe pamwamba pa 1.2V, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magetsi azigwira ntchito bwino pazida.

(2) Kutha

Mphamvu ya batri nthawi zambiri imayesedwa mu ma milliampere-hours (mAh), zomwe zikutanthauza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe batriyo imatha kutulutsa. Mphamvu ya mabatire a carbon-zinc ndi yotsika. Mphamvu ya mabatire a carbon-zinc ofanana ndi AA nthawi zambiri imakhala pakati pa 500mAh - 800mAh. Izi zimachitika chifukwa cha mawonekedwe a zinthu zawo za electrolyte ndi electrode, zomwe zimachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimakhudzidwa ndi momwe mankhwala amachitira komanso momwe zimagwirira ntchito.

Mphamvu ya mabatire a alkaline ndi yayikulu kwambiri kuposa ya mabatire a carbon-zinc. Mphamvu ya mabatire a alkaline a kukula kwa AA imatha kufika 2000mAh - 3000mAh. Alkaline electrolyte sikuti imangowonjezera ntchito ya zipangizo za electrode komanso imapangitsa kuti ma ionic conduction agwire bwino ntchito, zomwe zimathandiza mabatire a alkaline kusunga ndikutulutsa mphamvu zamagetsi zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zomwe zimadya mphamvu zambiri.

(3) Kukana Kwamkati

Kukana kwamkati ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri poyesa kudzitaya kwa batri panthawi yotulutsa mphamvu. Kukana kwamkati kwa mabatire a carbon-zinc kumakhala kwakukulu, pafupifupi 0.1Ω - 0.3Ω. Kukana kwakukulu kwamkati kumabweretsa kutsika kwakukulu kwa magetsi mkati mwa batri panthawi yotulutsa mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti mphamvu itayike. Chifukwa chake, mabatire a carbon-zinc sayenera zida zomwe zimafuna mphamvu zambiri.

Kukana kwamkati kwa mabatire a alkaline ndi kochepa, pafupifupi 0.05Ω - 0.1Ω. Kukana kwamkati kochepa kumathandiza mabatire a alkaline kukhala ndi mphamvu yotulutsa mphamvu zambiri panthawi yotulutsa mphamvu zambiri, zomwe zimachepetsa kutaya mphamvu. Ndi oyenera kuyendetsa zida zamagetsi monga makamera a digito ndi zoseweretsa zamagetsi.

(4) Moyo Wotumikira

Moyo wa mabatire a carbon-zinc ndi waufupi. Akasungidwa kutentha kwa chipinda kwa chaka chimodzi mpaka ziwiri, mphamvu imachepa kwambiri. Ngakhale akapanda kugwiritsidwa ntchito, amatuluka okha. M'malo otentha kwambiri komanso chinyezi chambiri, mabatire a carbon-zinc amathanso kukumana ndi mavuto otuluka, zomwe zimawononga zipangizozo.

Mabatire a alkaline amakhala ndi moyo wautali ndipo amatha kusungidwa kutentha kwa chipinda kwa zaka 5 mpaka 10 ndi mphamvu yochepa yotulutsa madzi okha. Kuphatikiza apo, kapangidwe ka kapangidwe kake ndi mawonekedwe a electrolyte a mabatire a alkaline zimapangitsa kuti asatayike, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zipangizo zikhale zolimba komanso zolimba.

(5) Mtengo ndi Chitetezo cha Chilengedwe

Mtengo wopanga mabatire a carbon-zinc ndi wotsika, ndipo mtengo wawo pamsika nawonso ndi wotsika mtengo. Ndi oyenera zida zosavuta zomwe zimafunikira mphamvu zochepa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito ndalama zochepa, monga zowongolera kutali ndi mawotchi. Komabe, mabatire a carbon-zinc ali ndi zitsulo zolemera monga mercury. Ngati sanatayidwe bwino atatayidwa, angayambitse kuipitsa chilengedwe.

Mtengo wopangira mabatire a alkaline ndi wokwera kwambiri, ndipo mtengo wawo wogulitsa nawonso ndi wokwera mtengo. Komabe, mabatire a alkaline alibe mercury ndipo ndi abwino kwa chilengedwe. Komanso, chifukwa cha mphamvu zawo zambiri komanso moyo wautali wautumiki, mtengo wa unit iliyonse yamagetsi ukhoza kukhala wotsika kuposa wa mabatire a carbon-zinc omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti akhale oyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi zambiri.

III. Kuyerekeza kwa Ma Parameters Aukadaulo

IV. Mapeto

Mabatire a carbon-zinc ndi mabatire a alkaline ali ndi zabwino ndi zovuta zawo pankhani ya magwiridwe antchito. Mabatire a carbon-zinc ndi otsika mtengo koma ali ndi mphamvu zochepa, nthawi yochepa yogwira ntchito, komanso kukana kwamkati. Ngakhale mabatire a alkaline ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri, ali ndi ubwino wokhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, nthawi yayitali yogwira ntchito, kukana kwamkati kochepa, komanso kusamala kwambiri chilengedwe. Mu ntchito zothandiza, ogwiritsa ntchito ayenera kusankha mtundu woyenera wa batire malinga ndi zofunikira zamagetsi, kuchuluka kwa ntchito, komanso mtengo ndi zinthu zoteteza chilengedwe kuti akwaniritse zotsatira zabwino zogwiritsidwa ntchito komanso phindu lazachuma.